STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KARBON ORGANIK TANAH DALAM MENDUKUNG PRODUKTIVITAS PERTANIAN DAN MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM BERKELANJUTAN INDONESIA PADA LAHAN TROPIS

Abstract

Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in maintaining soil quality, enhancing agricultural productivity, and supporting climate change mitigation, particularly in tropical regions where high decomposition rates lead to lower soil carbon stocks. Previous studies generally examined management strategies in isolation, limiting a comprehensive understanding of their integrated role in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize existing scientific evidence on SOC management strategies to support agricultural productivity and climate change mitigation in tropical Indonesia. A qualitative literature review approach was employed using secondary data from Google Scholar, focusing on SOC, sustainable agriculture, soil management, agroforestry, biochar, organic fertilizers, and climate change mitigation published between 2020 and 2026. The collected literature was analyzed descriptively through thematic classification, comparison, and synthesis to identify research trends, similarities, differences, and research gaps. The results indicate that SOC management significantly contributes to improving physical, chemical, and biological soil properties, thereby enhancing agricultural productivity and long-term soil health. Strategies such as agroforestry, biochar application, organic fertilizers, sustainable soil and water conservation, and eco-friendly cultivation practices effectively increase SOC stocks, reduce land degradation, and support climate mitigation. Furthermore, integrating these management strategies yields greater ecological and agronomic benefits than applying them separately. Consequently, integrated SOC management should be prioritized as a sustainable approach to strengthen agricultural sector resilience, boost productivity, and support climate change mitigation in tropical farming systems.